What are the key security practices when handling data on AWS?

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Key security practices for handling data on AWS focus on protecting confidentiality, integrity, and availability across storage, processing, and transmission:

1. Use IAM Best Practices

• Apply the principle of least privilege: Grant only necessary permissions.

• Use IAM roles for services and temporary credentials via STS.

• Enable MFA (Multi-Factor Authentication) for all accounts, especially root.

2. Encrypt Data

• At rest: Use AWS-managed or customer-managed KMS keys to encrypt data in S3, RDS, EBS, etc.

• In transit: Use HTTPS/TLS for all data transfers (e.g., API Gateway, ELB, S3 endpoints).

3. Secure S3 Buckets

• Use bucket policies to restrict access.

• Enable S3 Block Public Access to prevent accidental exposure.

• Enable logging and versioning to monitor access and changes.

4. Monitor and Audit

• Enable AWS CloudTrail to track API calls.

• Use Amazon GuardDuty and AWS Config to detect suspicious activity and enforce compliance.

• Monitor logs using CloudWatch Logs and set up alerts.

5. Network Security

• Place resources in private subnets with appropriate security groups and NACLs.

• Use VPC endpoints for private service access.

• Limit public-facing endpoints to only those required.

6. Backup and Recovery

• Automate backups with AWS Backup or native service options.

• Test recovery regularly to ensure data integrity.

Following these practices helps secure sensitive data, prevent breaches, and ensure compliance on AWS.

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